A mattress may appear clean, but over time it collects sweat, dust mites, skin cells and allergens. Even with regular sheet changes, hidden debris builds up deep inside. This affects not just cleanliness, but also your health and sleep quality. While it’s not a weekly task, a thorough refresh every few months can make a real difference and the good news is, you can do it entirely at home.
How to clean a mattress in 5 simple steps
Even without professional tools, most beds can be refreshed using common household items and a bit of methodical effort. Here’s how to clean a mattress.
Step 1: Strip everything and start fresh
Begin by removing all linens, pillowcases, blankets and mattress covers. Wash each item using the warmest appropriate setting high heat helps eliminate dust mites and refresh a dirty mattress. Only a bare surface allows for proper mattress cleaning and effective stain removal.
Step 2: Vacuum with precision
Using a vacuum cleaner with an upholstery attachment, clean the top, sides and seams of the mattress. Be thorough, especially around edges and crevices where debris tends to collect. This is one of the easiest ways to clean a mattress without using any wet treatments, and it helps remove dust, hair and skin particles.
Step 3: Remove stains carefully
If your mattress shows marks from sweat, spills or other accidents, targeted spot treatment is key. Lightly dampen a clean cloth with water and mild detergent, then gently blot the affected area. How to remove mattress stains effectively depends on acting fast, avoiding soaking the material, and always patch-test your solution on a hidden section.
Step 4: Deodorise using baking soda
Sprinkle a generous layer of baking soda on mattress fibres to neutralize odours and absorb excess moisture. Leave it for at least 6–8 hours, or overnight for best results. Afterwards, vacuum thoroughly to lift the residue and freshen the surface. This step is also essential when you want to deep clean mattress layers at home.
Step 5: Air it out naturally
Open the windows and let fresh air circulate freely. If possible, lift the mattress upright or rest it near direct sunlight. A well-ventilated room helps reduce humidity and inhibits the growth of mould, ensuring your mattress cleaning routine leaves lasting results.
What you’ll need to clean your mattress
- Vacuum cleaner with an upholstery or handheld attachment
- Baking soda
- Mild liquid detergent or a fabric-safe enzyme cleaner
- Clean, soft cloth or microfiber towel
(Optional): white vinegar, spray bottle, protective gloves
By following this routine every few months, your bed will stay fresher, smell cleaner, and support better sleep hygiene.
How to remove common mattress stains (including sweat, urine and blood)
Stains are a reality of life, especially if you have children, pets, or breakfast in bed habits. While they can be tricky to remove, the right approach for each stain type makes all the difference.
Sweat stains: These often show up as yellow patches and result from body oils and perspiration. A mixture of hydrogen peroxide, baking soda and liquid soap (used sparingly) can lift the stain. Apply with a cloth and blot dry.
Urine stains: First, blot up as much liquid as possible with paper towels. Then spray a mix of white vinegar and water in equal parts on the area. Sprinkle baking soda over it and let it sit for several hours before vacuuming.
Blood stains: Cold water is crucial here, hot water will set the stain. Mix cold water with a little baking soda to form a paste. Apply to the spot, let it rest for 30 minutes, then gently wipe with a damp cloth.
Always allow the mattress to dry fully before making the bed again. A partially damp mattress is a breeding ground for mould.
Natural vs chemical cleaners: which one works best?
This debate comes down to personal preferences and specific needs. Chemical cleaners are generally more powerful, but not always necessary for regular use.
- Natural solutions: Vinegar, baking soda, lemon juice and even a few drops of essential oil work well for deodorising and light stain removal. These options are safer for people with sensitive skin or allergies.
- Chemical options: Enzyme-based sprays are effective against protein stains (like blood and sweat), while hydrogen peroxide-based products help with odour and disinfection. Use these sparingly to avoid damage to foam layers.
For the best results, start with natural methods and only move to chemical agents if you’re dealing with older or stubborn stains.
How to deep clean your mattress: when and why it matters
Most mattress upkeep requires only basic tools, but over time, dirt builds up deep within, beyond the reach of regular cleaning. That’s when deep cleaning becomes essential. It improves air quality, reduces allergens and restores comfort.
If your mattress hasn’t been cleaned in a year, smells musty, or stains keep returning, it’s time. You can do it yourself with safe sprays or dry foam cleaners. Steam cleaning works too, but excess moisture may damage some materials. For memory foam or premium models, professional help may be worth considering.
Signs your mattress needs a deep clean
- You wake up feeling congested or itchy, even after washing your bedding
- There’s a persistent musty smell
- Visible spots or rings keep resurfacing
- You’ve had a cold or flu while using the mattress
- Pets sleep on the bed regularly
Any of these can indicate a buildup of allergens, bacteria or dirt that basic vacuuming won’t solve.
Mattress protection: how to keep your bed fresh and hygienic for longer
Once your mattress is clean, it’s worth making small changes to keep it that way. The best way to clean a mattress regularly is not to let it get too dirty in the first place. That’s where protective measures come in.
A mattress protector acts as a physical barrier against spills, sweat, and allergens. Waterproof versions are especially effective for families with kids or anyone prone to night sweats. But breathability is key - some plastic covers trap heat and reduce comfort, so look for materials that balance protection with airflow.
Other habits to support a cleaner bed include:
- Washing sheets weekly in hot water
- Rotating or flipping the mattress every few months to avoid uneven wear
- Keeping pets off the bed (or using additional pet covers)
- Vacuuming the surface during seasonal home cleanings
These practices not only extend the cleanliness of your sleep surface but also the mattress’s overall lifespan.
Do mattress protectors really work?
While no protector can make a mattress immune to time, a high-quality cover significantly reduces the rate at which dirt, dust and moisture build up. They’re also easier to wash than the mattress itself, saving time and effort. Some models even offer allergen-resistant or antimicrobial coatings for added protection.
When should you replace your mattress? Key signs it’s time
No cleaning routine can reverse structural wear. At a certain point, replacing your mattress is the only way to restore true comfort and hygiene. But how do you know when that time has come?
Common signs include:
- Sagging in the middle or along the edges
- Waking up with stiffness or pain that fades during the day
- Increased allergic reactions, even with regular cleaning
- Visible lumps or springs poking through the fabric
- It’s older than 8–10 years (even high-end mattresses have limits)
Even the most thorough mattress cleaning can only go so far. When support fails, it’s time to move on.
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Author: Dako Furniture Team